The objective of this research was to examine the manner in which exceptional female SOCCER pla​yers navigate the intersection of their feminine and athletic personas both within and beyond the realm of athletics. Phenomenological analysis, a qualitative research procedure, was employed in this investigation. In order to collect data, an in-depth and semi-structured interview was carried out with eight female SOCCER PLAYERS aged 19-27  who were members of the Iranian Super League. Utilizing the theoretical sampling procedure, data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Following recording, each interview was transcribed by hand, line by line. Analysis of findings was conducted both during and subsequent to data collection. Certain participants held the perception that their feminine and athletic personas were harmonious in social and athletic settings. As reported by other participants, athleticism and femininity are diametrically opposed. Three overarching experiences are employed to address this incompatibility. 1. disclosing their feminine identities in social contexts and their athletic identities in sports contexts. 2.emphasizing the feminine characteristic in both settings. 3. emphasizing the athletic brand in both contexts. To alleviate the negative tensions and pressures caused by this conflict, female SOCCER PLAYERS manage their feminine or athletic identities through appearance and body management, including apparel, makeup, hair and body manipulation, behavior, tone of voice, and gender role tasks. Perceptions of the (in)congruence between the athletic and feminine identities of female SOCCER PLAYERS and the type of body management they employed were found to overlap.

Background: Exercise is one of the most prevalent predisposing factors of bronchospasm. Its symptoms may be merelydue to physical activities. Clear understanding of exercise-induced bronchospasm is essential to eliminate complications and achieve more effective treatment. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of Tehran SOCCER-PLAYERS. In this clinical trial, four SOCCER clubs were selected by cluster random sampling. The means of data collecting included history taking, physical examination, and the performance of spirometry tests at rests as well as 5 and 12 minutes after exercise.Results: One hundred SOCCER PLAYERS were enrolled in this study with the mean age (±SD) of 20± 4.26 years old. The mean values of FEV1±SD measured at 5 minutes before as well as 5 and 12 minutes after a ten-minute continuos exercise were 4.15± 0.44, 4.13 ± 0.5, and 4.12 ± 0.49 liter respectively. These differences seem to be age related.12 minutes after exercise, 6 PLAYERS have shown reduced FEV1 (15-17%) in respect of resting value (4.78 ± 0.52 vs. 3.57 ± 0.33).Conclusion: The prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm was 6% in our study, comparable to 3-11% reported of others. The lower prevalence of exercise- induced bronchospasm in our study may be due to older study group, negative history of allergy and pulmonary diseases in our cases.

Background and Aim: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant concern, often referred to as a "silent pandemic" due to its high prevalence and limited public awareness. This study explores TBIs in SOCCER, focusing on incidence, contact mechanisms, player positions, and the impact of injuries. Methods and Materials/Patients: The authors went through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The publications from the last two decades were considered. This review evaluates various leagues, including the German Bundesliga, American SOCCER League, and the English Premier League (EPL), to analyze TBI occurrences and associated symptoms. Results:   Concussions were the most common type of TBIs in SOCCER PLAYERS. Head-to-head contact mechanism with an aerial challenge during play frequently causes a concussion. Defensive and midfield PLAYERS were suffering from TBIs more because they are defined to perform more "distance headers". Dizziness and headache were the frequent symptoms seen in SOCCER PLAYERS. Medical staff is suggested to make a precise and timely diagnosis of probable injury, with educating the members by the latest guidelines.   Conclusion: Early injury diagnosis is crucial, and everyone involved, including officials, coaches, PLAYERS, and medical personnel, must be aware of this issue. More research is necessary to develop preventive measures and management strategies prioritizing player safety.

Background: Proper nutrition plays key roles in exhibiting the most proportion of athlete ability. Nutrition as one of the major factor in determining body supply, readiness and fitness of elites need deep concentration. Aim: In this survey we determine energy and macronutrient intake of national SOCCER PLAYERS.Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study performed on 1 male and 8 female professional SOCCER PLAYERS.Usual diet consumption was evaluated using 24 h food recall questionnaire. Data were analyzed with Nutrition software (version 4) and extracted nutrients were compared with RDA with independent-sample t-tests using SPSS software (version 21.0). P values lower than 0.05 were set as significant level.Results: Mean age of male and female PLAYERS were 14 and 13.12±.64 years old. Mean energy intake of male and female SOCCER PLAYERS were 2518 kcal and 3168±746 kcal, in sequence. The average of carbohydrate intake were 302.8 g (48.1%) and 471.63±120.79 g (59.56±4.53%) and mean of two other macronutrients consumption of male and female were 95.24 g (15.13%) and 86.21±17.05 g (11.28±2.66%) for protein, 105 g (37.53%) and 110.63±32.5 g (31.05±3.53%) for fat, respectively.Conclusion: Athlete’s energy, carbohydrate, fat and protein consumption is higher than RDA in both genders. Total energy, carbohydrate and fat consumption were higher in female, and protein intake was lower in female SOCCER PLAYERS than male. Average intake of mentioned nutrients and energy were higher than non-athletes subjects, while their consumption was lower than several other athletes from European countries.

Motivation is a one of the important psychological traits that has considerable implications on programs whose objectives are identification and cultivation of young, skilled performers, but limited researches have been directed toward defining the competitive specific motivational profile of elite SOCCER PLAYERS. Thus, the purpose of this survey was to describe Iranian elite male SOCCER PLAYERS' motivational characteristics. Therefore, 61 SOCCER PLAYERS of senior, youth U-19 and U-23 national teams who were selected purposively completed the sports attitude inventory. The data were grouped by age and primary position played and analyzed by descriptive statistic. On the basis of results, the motivation to achieve success and avoid failure of these elite PLAYERS was high and low, respectively. Moreover, senior national team PLAYERS and midfielders had more competitive motivation than other PLAYERS.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between age and the SOCCER performance of elite male SOCCER PLAYERS were playing with an emphasis on post.Sample of 396 SOCCER PLAYERS (36 goalkeeper, 168 defenders, 123 midfielders and 69 forwards) participating in the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, with a mean age of 27.23 ± 3.71 years, height 181.45 ± 6.43 cm and body mass 75.89 ± 6.46 kg were given to targeted was collected about them. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test results showed Goalkeepers older and heavier than other post and defenders had older than midfielders and forwards, and defenders were heavier than midfielders (P<0.05).Positive relationship between age and passes, successful passes, medium passes, and a negative correlation of age with Final Third Entries in goalkeepers, positive relationship between age with long passes, and negative relationship between age and short passes in midfielders and negative correlation between age and total shots, Penalty Area Entries, Successful Final Third Entries, Successful Passes and Medium Passes in the forwards (P<0.05). The findings of this study can be used in the process of talent and selecting PLAYERS.

The present study aims at studying profiles of mood state in adult Iranian national team SOCCER PLAYERS at the end of a training program, comparing it with Brazil's SOCCER PLAYERS' profiles of mood state, and Iceberg profiles and Everest profiles. This comparison has been done by using POMS (Profile Of Mood States: Tension, Depression, Anger, Vigor, Fatigue, and Confusion). The researcher has done the present study in order to find the answer to this basic question: "Do adult Iranian national team SOCCER PLAYERS have optimal psychological conditions in comparing to the criteria showing a successful athlete?" To do this, the researcher has investigated the psychological variables such as tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, and TMD (Total Mood Disturbance: Ten+Dep+Ang+Fat+Con-Vig+100) score in the PLAYERS at the end of a training program. Afterward, the training load, fitness, psychological skills, and their level of optimal achievement in competitions could be studied. This study has been done on 25 adult male SOCCER PLAYERS who had been invited to preparation camp in order to take part in Asia nation’s cup competitions in 2007. The research findings considering statistical test results (One-sample t-test, a=0.05) showed that the psychological responses of Iranian national team SOCCER PLAYERS to the training programs were not suitable for the expected results. The observed change, weakness, or strength of POMS subscales of fatigue, vigor, and TMD did not represent the reasonable changes taken from a scientific and coherent training program. Therefore, what was expected to happen due to training load was not observed. The observed mood state disturbance in Iranian SOCCER PLAYERS show that the PLAYERS are subject to psychological or mood state disturbance resulted from the other POMS subscales such as tension, depression, anger, and confusion. The PLAYERS' performance is simply influenced by these disturbances. Seemingly, determining optimal training load, and maximal and submaximal training intensity range have not been done properly and reasonably. Therefore, the PLAYERS' psychological or mood disturbances were less influenced by training intensity and their physical conditions. Rather it was because of the PLAYERS' psychological conditions and the dominant situation of the camp.